Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Practice Exam

What is the primary function of diuretics?

1. Reduces inflammation

2. Promotes water retention

3. Increases fluid absorption

4. Promotes excretion of water

The correct answer is: Promotes excretion of water

Diuretics primarily function to promote the excretion of water and electrolytes from the body, primarily through the kidneys. This action is crucial for managing various medical conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, and edema, as they help to lower blood pressure and reduce swelling by decreasing the volume of fluid in the vascular system. By facilitating the removal of excess sodium and water, diuretics can lead to decreased blood volume and, consequently, reduced load on the heart. This makes them valuable in treating cardiovascular-related conditions. The other choices highlight functions that do not accurately represent what diuretics do. For instance, reducing inflammation pertains more to anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroids, while promoting water retention and increasing fluid absorption contradict the primary action of diuretics, which is to reduce overall fluid levels in the body.