Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Practice Exam

Which medication class should be avoided in elderly patients?

1. Antihistamines

2. Tricyclic antidepressants

3. Benzodiazepines

4. Proton pump inhibitors

The correct answer is: Proton pump inhibitors

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) should be used cautiously in elderly patients due to the potential for long-term side effects. While they are effective for managing conditions related to excessive stomach acid, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers, prolonged use in older adults has been associated with various complications. These risks include Clostridium difficile infection, kidney disease, bone fractures, and vitamin B12 deficiency. In elderly patients, the accumulation of these risks can lead to significant health concerns. Moreover, this population often has comorbidities and takes multiple medications, increasing the likelihood of adverse drug interactions. Therefore, when considering prescribing PPIs for elderly patients, it is critical to carefully weigh the individual risks and benefits, as well as explore alternatives or non-pharmacological interventions. Other classes of medications listed can also carry risks in the elderly, but PPIs stand out due to their particular risk profile and the potential for misuse or overprescription.