Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of opioids?

1. Nausea

2. Diarrhea

3. Respiratory depression

4. Dependence

The correct answer is: Diarrhea

Opioids are well-known for their range of side effects due to their action on the central nervous system. Common side effects often include nausea, respiratory depression, and the potential for dependence. Nausea occurs frequently as the body adjusts to the presence of opioids, which can stimulate the vomiting center in the brain. Respiratory depression is a serious concern associated with opioid use, as these medications can inhibit the respiratory centers, leading to decreased breathing rates and potentially life-threatening situations. Additionally, opioid dependence can develop with consistent use, leading to withdrawal symptoms when the medication is stopped. Diarrhea, however, is not a common side effect of opioids. In fact, opioids usually have the opposite effect on the gastrointestinal system, often causing constipation due to their slowing action on gut motility. Understanding this distinction is essential for pharmacy technicians, as they may need to counsel patients on managing side effects and recognizing when a side effect may lead to complications.