Pharmacy Technician Certification Board Practice Exam

Which of the following is classified as a schedule IV controlled substance?

1. Phenergan with codeine

2. Testosterone

3. Pentobarbital

4. Tramadol

The correct answer is: Tramadol

Tramadol is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance because it has a lower potential for abuse relative to substances in Schedules I, II, and III, yet it still carries some risk. Schedule IV substances are recognized as having accepted medical uses in the United States while being monitored for their potential to lead to dependence or abuse. Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic used for the management of moderate to moderately severe pain and is known to influence serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain. The classification of tramadol as Schedule IV reflects the regulatory framework that aims to balance the need for access to effective pain treatments while minimizing the risks associated with their misuse. In contrast, Phenergan with codeine is considered a Schedule V substance due to its lower potential for abuse compared to Schedule IV drugs, while testosterone is classified as a Schedule III substance because of its higher potential for abuse and dependency. Pentobarbital falls under Schedule II due to its significant potential for addiction and abuse, typically associated with barbiturates.